The Machinations of International Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Machinations of International Trade - Essay Example The UK has not ratified the Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (the Convention)2 which places the UK in an anomalous position vis-à  -vis its primary trading partners, often leading to pressure to accept the law of a contracting party that is a signatory to the Convention3. This has led to a marked difference between the approach in international trade law to contract termination and buyer remedies under the Convention, in contrast to the position under CIF and FOB contracts, where the role of documents is paramount to obligations of the trading parties4. Firstly, with regard to the certificate of origin, under CIF contracts, the part of the seller’s primary obligation is to ensure goods, deliver them to the shipping company and arrange for freight of goods5. Arguably most important is the bill of lading, which is essentially a transport document and covers movement by sea and constitutes documents of title and evidence as to who has the title, which is vital to obligations under CIF and FOB contracts6. If a bill of lading is consigned to a named party, they are known as â€Å"straight consigned†7. Moreover, bills of lading can be categorized according to the mode of transport specified under the contract8. For example, marine bills of lading cover shipment by sea and can be issued by the shipping company, captain or master of the vessel or party acting as agents for the carrier9. Alternatively, the â€Å"received for shipment† bill of lading pieces of evidence receipt of goods by the issuer, however, does not evidence that goods are en route10. Finally, â€Å"shipped on board† bills of lading constitute evidence.

Contemporary strategy analysis Essay Example for Free

Contemporary strategy analysis Essay 2001-2011 was filled with many black swan events (i. e. events that are extremely rare, have a major impact and are unpredicted even if they are rationalised retrospectively) e. g. Sep 11 attack, Lehman Brother collapse, Greece/Iceland bailouts, Arab Spring revolutions, major earthquakes and tsunamis) Rise of BRIC countries creating a multipolar world 2. Sluggish Economic Growth + Increased Competition Economic growth in advanced economies sluggish throughout the medium term governments and household sectors are over-leveraged insufficient productive investment from companies sitting on cash excess capacity in most sectors - resulting in strong price competition Internationalisation of companies from emerging-market countries e. g. contract manufacturers (OEM) in China and India competing with their customers in final markets. 3. Technology Disruption Digital technology disrupting incumbents (e. g. Netflix replacing Blockbuster) and redrawing industry barriers (e. g. Apple, Nokia, Nintendo, Blackberry now competing in same mobile device market) 4. Social Pressure and Crisis of Capitalism Loss of social legitimacy of companies as a result of a fall-out from the 2008/9 financial crisis – disdain for companies (hypocrisy + greed of bankers, traders, etc) and their leaders (e. g. Occupy Wall Street movement) Rise of alternative forms of business enterprise as better, more sustainable models over limited liability companies – e. g. state-owned firms (China, Brazil) and cooperatives (i. e. businesses mutually owned by consumers or employees). Challenge faced by companies of whether to unilaterally create/stick to its own values (which may become out of step) or reflect the current values and attitudes of society it operates within. Item 2: New Directions in Strategic Thinking 1. Re-orientate Corporate Objectives of Companies Reconcile the need for profit maximisation with a broader societal role (i. e. companies having greater social and environmental responsibilities) Move away from focusing on stock market valuation alone Management should not focus on profits but what strategic factors that drive profits or create value e. g. customer satisfaction, innovation Best antidote to corporate empire building and CEO hubris is a stronger emphasis on basic principles of strategy analysis. 2. Seeking More Complex Sources of Competitive Advantage Competitive advantages in today’s dynamic world is difficult to sustain due to high rate of technology diffusion + increased competition from emerging market companies who are more cost-effective Developing multiple layers of competitive advantage is now required (e. g. as shown from companies that maintained profitability and market share for years (e. g. Toyota, Wal-Mart), combined with the ability to combine multiple capabilities. 3. Managing Options The portfolio of options of a company e. g. growth options, abandonment options, and flexibility options are increasingly important as sources of value. Therefore option thinking should be adopted into a firm’s strategy: e. g. industry attractiveness should not depend on profit potential, but option potential (e. g. an industry that produces a no of different products, comprises multiple segments, has many strategic groups, utilises a wide variety of alternative technologies) e. g. a resource is attractive if it can be deployed in different businesses and support alternative strategies (e. g. nanotechnology). Dynamic capabilities are important because they generate new options. 4. Understanding Strategic Fit Importance of fitting the strategy of the firm with the firm’s business environment and its resources and capabilities. 2 major concepts regarding linkages within companies: complementarity and complexity Complementarity: the importance of linkages among a firm’s management practices and finding the optimal configuration (e. g. a six-sigma quality program needs to be accompanied by changes in incentives, recruitment policies, product strategy, etc) Complexity: the idea that companies are complex systems whose behaviour results from interaction of a large number of independent agents. This results in unpredictability, self-organisation by a company and a company positioning between inertia, chaos, and evolutionary adaptation Common to both concepts is the contextuality of linkages: Do the benefits from any particular activity depend on which other activities take place? 2 dimensions of this contextuality: contextuality of activities (are management activities and their benefits dependent or independent of each other? ); contextuality of interactions (do activities interact in similar ways across firms) Item 3: Redesigning organisations The challenge of today’s business environment is reconciling multiple dilemmas (e. g. product at low cost, but also innovate), requiring multi-dexterity. Companies are now multi-dimensional structures with organisational capabilities for each business area e. g. quality management processes, social and environmental responsibility, knowledge management, innovation and exploration, etc. 1. Solution to Complexity Making Organisations Informal, Self-Organising and Permeable Informal Organisation: Rely upon informal rather than formal structures and systems e.g. team-based structures which rely on coordination rather than control. Companies are moving towards project based organisations – temporary cross-functional teams charged with clear objectives (as opposed to permanent functions and continuous operations). Such teams are more able to achieve innovation, adaptability and rapid learning than more traditional structures and avoids issues of over-concentration of power a nd rigid, inflexible structures (e. g. W. L. Gore, supplier of Gore-Tex boots). This is an example of a consensus-based hierarchy, which emphasises horizontal communication, over an authority-based hierarchy, which emphasises vertical communication. Self-Organisation: Humans (and therefore, companies) have a capacity for self-organisation. Three factors are conductive for self-organisation: identity, information and relationships. Identity is a shared cognition of what the organisation is (what is core, distinctive, and enduring about the character of the company) and an emotional attachment towards what it represents. A strong consensus of identity provides a powerful basis for coordinated action that permits flexibility and responsibility to be reconciled with continuity and stability. Information and communication networks within companies support spontaneous patterns of complex coordination with little or no hierarchal direction Relationships, or informal social networks, allow information to be created and transformed and allows the organisation’s identity to expand and include more stakeholders. The more access people have to one another, the more possibilities there are. 2. Breaking Down Corporate Boundaries There are limits to the range of capabilities that companies can develop internally. Therefore, companies must collaborate in order to access the capabilities of other companies e. g. strategic alliances. Today’s web-based technologies permit much wider networks of collaboration (e. g. use of ICT technologies by PG and IBM to draw upon ideas and expertise across the globe or the rise of open-source communities that build highly complex products such as Linux). Item 4: Changing Role of Managers The changing conditions and types of organisations require new approaches to management and leadership. Previous era of restructuring and shareholder focus associated with change masters (highly visible, individualistic and often hard-driving management styles e. g. Michael Eisner of Disney, Rupert Murdoch) â€Å"Buck-stop here† peak decision-making role of CEOs may no longer be feasible or desirable for the current era. Instead, it is the role of guiding organisational evolution that is more important nowadays (being a social architect by creating an environment where every employee has the chance to collaborate, innovate and excel). CEOs should be less concerned about decision-making and more concerned about cultivating identity and purpose. Senior managers also require different knowledge and skills nowadays – e. g. self-awareness, self -management, social awareness (empathy) and social skills – i. e. emotional intelligence. They should move away from being administrators and controllers and become entrepreneurs, coaches and team leaders instead. In particular, Rapid evolution requires a combination of both incremental improvement and stimulating radical change (e.g. Sam Palmisano at IBM) Establishing simple rules: the idea that companies can be managed by a few simple rules (boundary rules and â€Å"how-to† rules) with limited managerial direction otherwise (e. g. Cisco) Managing adaptive tension: Create a level of tension that optimises the pace of organisational change and innovation. This is done through imposing demanding performance targets, but ensuring targets are appropriate and ac hievable.

Japanese American Internment: The Economic Consequences Essay example -

United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt once proclaimed that the Pearl Harbor bombings that took place on December 7th, 1941 is, â€Å" a date which will live in infamy.† The events that unfolded that fateful morning not only resulted in a U.S declaration of war against Japan the next day (subsequently promoted Germany/Italy to declare war against U.S three days later), but also proved to be a traumatic landmark event in the history of Japanese Americans. The aftermath of the Pearl Harbor bombings prompted Franklin D. Roosevelt to authorize Executive Order 9066 on February 19th, 1942, which consequently cleared they way for Japanese American internment. In Hawaii, where Japanese Americans made up one-third of the population, only 1200 to 1800 were interned. On the mainland (specifically the West Coast) over 100,000 Japanese Americans were interned. Despite widespread outcry in Japanese American communities, the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of these exclusio n orders in the 1944 landmark case Korematsu v. United States. The horrors of internment continued until January 2, 1945 when the exclusion order was nullified, and in 1946 the last internment was closed. Despite being released the hardships and material loss suffered by Japanese American internees were far from over. Many internees who survived this traumatic ordeal not only suffered from psychological problems, but also lost their properties and incomes. Although the U.S. government issued a public apology and compensated surviving former internees under the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, it is still unclear if this adequately compensates former internees for the long-term economic hardships that followed as a result of internment. An estimated 110,000 Japanes... ...oney can bring back deceased family members or reverse the deep psychological scars that remain with some for the rest of their lives. The internment of Japanese Americans in the end teaches us that, â€Å"we are all people, no matter what color or race.† Bibliography 1. â€Å"Life after the nightmare.† Oracle ThinkQuest, 2011. Web. . 2. Chin, Aimee. â€Å"Long-Run Labor Market Effects of Japanese American Internment.† Houston: Department of Economics, University of Houston, 2004. 1-25. Print. 3. Rawls, J. J., & Bean, W. (2008). California: An Interpretive History (9th ed., pp. 189-276). San Francisco, CA: McGraw Hill. 4. Wright, Steven. â€Å"The Civil Liberties Act of 1988.† Dartmouth Education, n.d. Web. .

Educational Support In Rural Zimbabwe Education Essay

Cash Transfer system is presently a popular discourse in poorness decrease. Originally designed as an intercession scheme under dearth and exigency conditions, hard currency transportation has now been applied as a wide spectrum instrument in poorness decrease including kids ‘s public assistance. Inspired by Sens ‘ Entitlement Approach, hard currency transportation is a demand side intercession aimed at stimulating demand for services through administering hard currency to the mark population. Cash transportations are a non-contributory grant such as income support, kid grants, Foster attention grants and scholarships. Focus of this paper is limited to whether such grants are conditional or non. Conditional Cash transportations have been used to advance instruction in Latin America. Disbursement of hard currency was made on status that school traveling kids in the family are enrolled or attend school or both. This attack seems to estrange instruction from other family dem ands and do it alone to kids. However, repressing the family factors that led to under demand for instruction by enforcing conditions might non be the best solution in bettering entree to instruction. An apprehension of how instruction can be promoted in the background of family demand forms and resource allotment determinations seems believable. The focal point is on the family for two grounds. First, Most kids live in families and families are an of import establishment in supplying kids with primary demands. In this position, family operation ( the extent to which all it needs are met ) is of import in run intoing kids ‘s demands. Second, the demands of families are by and large linked and complementary to each other, in which instruction is one. Therefore, run intoing kids ‘s primary demands such as wellness and instruction through hard currency transportations is most likely to be sustainably achieved through a family attack. This essay reviews the literature enviro ning the usage of hard currency transportations in advancing orphans and vulnerable kids ( OVC ) instruction, while concentrating on how rural Zimbabwe families can be instrumental in guaranting sustainable demand for instruction.Children and instruction in ZimbabweThe demand for instruction in Zimbabwe has been greatly affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic and intensifying poorness. In 2004, Catholic Relief Services estimated that about 30 % of kids were orphans[ 1 ]. AIDS related Orphan population is estimated to hold reached 1.1 million in 2010[ 2 ]. A big figure of orphans are populating in drawn-out households largely in rural countries. Bettering entree to instruction for orphans and other kids made vulnerable by poorness therefore requires a wider attack that besides caters for loss in support. The Basic Education Assistance Module ( BEAM ) revived in 2010 under the Ministry of Education Sports and Culture to supply educational subsidies towards OVC has an mean coverage of merely 7.8 % ( Mushunje and Mafico. 2010 ) . The net registration rate for primary school is approximates 90 % harmonizing to UNICEF statistics[ 3 ]. However, attending has been greatly affected by the intensifying economic crisis. With unemployment rate good above 80 % , instruction aid is needed.Cash transportation and instructionCash transportation has been used in human development through advancing entree to wellness, nutrition and formal instruction particularly aiming vulnerable kids. Success narratives in Latin America have strengthened the thought that conditional hard currency transportation can be employed across Africa in advancing formal instruction for kids. Registration and attending were used as indexs for success. However, enrolment entirely is non sufficient in bettering instruction. Consistency in go toing school seems to be a comprehensive index for programme impact. Conditional hard currency transportation based programmes such as The Red de Proteccion Social Programm e in Nicaragua resulted in an mean addition of 18 per centum points in registration and 23 per centum points in attending ( against a baseline of 70 % registration in the mark population ) between 2000 and 2003[ 4 ]. The Bolsa Familia Programme in Brazil has shown a lessening in school dropout and an addition in enrolment even though the sum of the hard currency transportation was less than that realised from child labor ( Chapman 2010 ) . The betterments in entree to instruction hold been attributed to handiness of hard currency for school fees and sometimes to worsen in child labor through increased household income. Several hard currency transportation programmes aimed at increasing the demand for instruction have besides been carried out in Africa. Kenya ‘s first stage of Cash Transfer Programme was launched in 2004 in 3 territories with each family having about USD 6.50 per month ( Bryant 2009 ) . Absenteeism declined by 16 % during the first 9 months in Kalomo territory Zambia where unconditioned hard currency transportation was implemented ( GTZ 2005 )[ 5 ]. Very few surveies have been documented about the usage of hard currency transportation in advancing instruction in Zimbabwe. However, a correlativity between an addition in income and an addition in puting instruction has been established in other hard currency transportation undertakings. The 2006 Zimbabwe Emergency Cash Transfer Pilot Programme aimed at bettering nutrient security in 3 territories of Zimbabwe indicated that some part of the money distributed was used to purchase educational equipment such as books ( Roman 2010 ) .Theoretical footing of hard currency transportationsCash transportation is fundamentally based on the Entitlement Approach ( OXFAM 2006 ) . Sen ( 1981 ) used the entitlement attack to explicate the dearth that occurred in Bengal in 1943.According to Sen ( ibid ) , people did non decease because of deficiency nutrient but ‘lacked the ability [ †¦ ] to command nutrient through the legal agencies available in the society ‘ , i.e. , entitlement failure ( ibid. :167 ) . They may besides hold failed to utilize this ability if it was present. Sen ( ibid. ) described two signifiers of entitlement failure, â€Å" pull † and â€Å" response † failures. Pull failures represents inability to demand, for illustration through pay loss in unemployment. Response failures represent inability to provide to run into demand, i.e. the inaccessibility of nutrient on the market. The hard currency transportation attack is fundamentally a demand -side intercession aimed at ex tenuating the pull failures. In other words, the attack assumes that kids are out of school because instruction is non adequately demanded due to miss of service fees. The entitlement attack consists of three related constructs ; the gift set, entitlement function, and the entitlement set. The gift set is defined as resources owned by a individual ( legal ) both touchable and intangible for illustration land, knowledge/skill and labor power. It is these resources that either through exchange or production enables a individual to obtain other trade goods needed for endurance through agencies that are considered legal by the society in which 1 is portion of ( Osmani 1993 ) . Entitlement mapping refers to the procedure of change overing 1s gift into agencies possible to obtain trade goods packages of one ‘s pick. Therefore, laborers ‘ sale their labor to obtain rewards for purchasing trade goods while husbandmans sells their green goods to acquire hard currency for exchange with other trade goods. Social security falls within this procedure. Entitlement set ( trade good package ) , refers to the existent trade goods which people chose to hold for fulfilling their demands. The entitlement set besides includes goods and services obtained through public provisioning such as free instruction. Several advantages have been identified by pro hard currency transportation assistance coders in nutrient security ( e.g. OXFAM 2003 ) . These include reduced response clip, flexibleness and expanded picks for donees and cost effectivity in term of absence of procurance costs. Using conditional hard currency transportation in instruction seems to fall short of some of the above advantages, family picks are really limited, and costs per donee are likely to lift due to supervising costs. Even when statements point out that conditioning improves effectiveness particularly when a specific group within the family such as kids are targeted, effectivity still rest on the health professionals ‘ pick to take part or honor the conditions. The undermentioned subdivision analyse family from the entitlement attack position.Locating families within the Entitlement Approach Framework.A ‘household ‘ fundamentally consists of people populating in the same home and have common agenci es for endurance. A family might non be household but assorted household composed of members from more than one household. Cash transportations are a manner of giving families capacity to demand services. Families make picks or ‘map ‘ on the services depending on their demands. The procedure of entitlement function at the family degree determines whether instruction as a ingestion good will be portion of the entitlement set, unless conditions are imposed. In a state of affairs of really limited resources under poorness conditions, demands that are considered most of import are more likely to acquire attending foremost. This suggests a additive relationship among demands. Besides needs that complement each other tend to be located closer to each other in the relationship. Therefore, a closer appraisal of overall family demand form is of import before an effort to excite demand for instruction. Sing the fact that a family operation is indispensable for kids ‘s public assistance, a comprehensive bundle may be necessary to do such intercession sustainable. Traditional microeconomic theoretical accounts assume that families consist of person who are a public-service corporation maximising ( Cornia and steward 1995 ) . The family make corporate determinations and income is allocated in the best manner to run into the demands of the family. A family is merely limited by the entire budget at its disposal ( Vermeulen 2002 ) . Under the public-service corporation theoretical account, even if the hard currency is disbursed to a family without any specific targeting, every member of the house is assured of a just portion from the corporate appropriation procedure. However, Individuals of course have different penchants or at least differ in precedences. When I was turning up at that place were infinite times when I would desire money to travel to a film house merely to be told that the few dollars left were for my male parents ‘ conveyance to work ( likely budgetary restraints ) , or that I would instead inquire for a new brace of school places ( precedence ) . Samuelson ( 1956 ) made an effort to explicate the inevitableness of single penchants and suggest that at least family members argue for their ain personal penchants and make a consensus to aggregate their public-service corporations. Becker ( 1974 ) unlike Samuelson, suggest the being of a benevolent family caput through which corporate public-service corporation is achieved. On the other manus, the bargaining theoretical account assumes a bargaining procedure among family members. The ultimate allotment of resources depends on the bargaining power of each person or groups within the family ( Cornia and steward 1995 ) . In this theoretical account, kids are expected to dicker for demands like school fees and other rudimentss. The above family theoretical accounts are an of import measure in understanding family ingestion forms. Concentrating on the rural Zimbabwe in a scenario of really limited resources, it is most likely that the demands ( including instruction ) would be prioritised in a superior order with the topmost needs having financess before those lower in rank. Assuming that kids will hold much dickering power particularly in an drawn-out household family might be an simplism. Demand for instruction is largely possible when it is considered a family demand and the budget license. The diminution in absenteeism rates in non-conditional hard currency transportations in Kalomo Zambia suggests that the demand for instruction might non needfully necessitate to be induced, but increased ingestion on other demands is positively correlated to ingestion on instruction.Targeting Children within the familyMost kids exist in families, and have entree to basic demands such as nutrient, shelter, and instructi on by virtuousness of being household members. Children who separate from a family might lose some basic demands such as shelter and nutrient. Children populating on the streets are a good illustration. Targeting kids in a manner that recognises this relationship is hence of import. This logically translate to the thought that a balance should be stuck among the viing demands within the family whether through public-service corporation maximising or dialogue. Targeting kids presents a challenge in poorness intercessions. If our position is that a family is necessary for kids ‘s endurance, we are most likely to accept that realization of kids ‘s entree to instruction is achieved when the family is working good ( i.e. affording most of its basic demands ) . On the other manus, if we hold the position that the family has failed to supply entree to basic demands for kids, we tend to estrange kids from the family and seek solutions that are limited to kids. Even if a plan is designed to references direct costs of instruction, the kids can merely go to school if the family attains some degrees of satisfaction on its other demands, for illustration, lower limit nutrient demands. It is hence of import to see the adequateness of the sum of hard currency transportation in intercessions. Beneficiaries in Kalomo District in Zambia indicated that the size of the hard currency transportations given were non plenty to run into the basic family demands ( Wietler 2007 ) , neither USD 6.50 per month transportations in Kenya might be sufficient to convey sensible alteration in a family ‘s economic status. Regularity of income is besides of import. The success of the Bolsa Familia programme is partially attributed to dependability of regular income even though the transportations where less than incomes form child labor ( Chapman 2010 ) . Other obstructions in aiming kids are deserving to see. During the choice of the mark population there are a scope of factors that might exclude/omit meriting families or kids to be donees. For illustration, deficiency of designation paperss or the clip interval between choices of donees. The choice of donees does non take topographic point every twenty-four hours for logistical grounds, while kids are invariably falling vulnerable from assorted grounds. Excessive coverage happens when people who do n't run into the standards for inclusion benefits form an intercession. Cornea and Stewart ( 1995 ) working in the country of nutrient subsidies argued that the chance of inordinate coverage lessenings when most of the people in a population meets the standards for inclusion. Sing the figure of out of school kids populating below the poorness threshold in rural Zimbabwe, coders should non go much disquieted about mark preciseness. Otherwise the cost of supervising for conformity will go e xpensive and lead to an addition in costs per donee. In a survey of 15 Sub Saharan states, Kakwani and Son ( 2005 ) discovered that the Pro-Poor Policy Index differences were non important in conditions of perfect aiming and cosmopolitan targeting, particularly where degrees of poorness were really high. Entree to instruction is non merely determined by the ability to run into direct costs of instruction. Other factors that need to be established through a situational analysis are of import before make up one's minding whether hard currency transportations ( conditional or non-conditional ) provides the best solution or non. The perceptual experience held the family on instruction may play a function. For illustration, ingestion on instruction may depend on whether it is considered an investing or ingestion good ( Kakwani et. Al. 2006 ) . The impact of instruction proviso besides depends on the quality of instruction. Consequently, supply side needs attending in footings of instructor preparation, educational installations and equal equipment. Success of the Red de Proteccion Social Programme in Nicaragua is besides attributed to fillips received by instructors for each kid who attend school and half of the sum was used to secure school stuff ( Chapman 2006 ) .DecisionCash transporta tions primary aim is by and large to cut down poorness and exposure and besides to increase affordability of trade goods. This nonsubjective can be achieved rather easy by utilizing non conditional assortments of hard currency transportations. Some literatures suggest that conditional hard currency transportations are the most effectual in advancing kids ‘s human capital development. However, the justification of utilizing conditions on hard currency transportations is unfastened to debate and unfavorable judgment. Conditional hard currency transportations cut down picks for families and might non needfully reflect the pending demands people have. Even though conditional hard currency transportations can be introduced to hike weak demand in instruction, an apprehension of state of affairss taking to less than expected ingestion on instruction is required. This entails apprehension of local family economic and societal functionalities. Evidence of an addition in investing in in struction under non-conditional hard currency transportation suggests that instruction is a family demand. Therefore, advancing kids ‘s instruction within the family model is most likely to be sustainable. All the same, household ingestion degrees on each demand tend to be related, complemented, or may be partly influenced by ingestion of another. Policy shapers besides need to see a web of grounds why families sometimes fail to adequately demand instruction in rural Zimbabwe. Considerations must be taken to see if hard currency transportation in its assorted signifiers can be used as a primary instrument or as a complement to other more relevant schemes particularly against a background of intensifying educational crisis.

Good Members of Society Essay

Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both these views and give your opinion Education plays an important role in our lives for shaping us to become good members in society. Nowadays, both parents and schools actively take part in the process educating their children. While some people view that the parents are primarily responsible for teaching their children to become responsible members in society, others believe that it is the responsibility of the schools. However, in my opinion, both parents and schools have a role to play in guiding children in the right path for a peaceful society. Home is the first school and parents are first teachers of ours. Because during the childhood they teach us how to speak and behave to someone in society. Other way parents own behavior is also affect to their children and they get these easily while they are child. Then they are going to be formed how they see and hear. Subsequently children will show their experience to the others what they learn from their parents. That`s why parents must be careful while they are teaching their children because they are seriously responsible from their children. Although school is the best place for the children to learn and to be o good person. At school they meet with many people and do their activities together with their classmates. Children can learn how to act and have a good attitude. Teachers, except teaching many subjects they also teach to the children how to have o good behavior with their friends, parents or neighborhoods. That`s why, parents always have a big hope from school to help them for creating their children to be o good person. In my view I think that good parents are good teachers and both of them have their own role in our society.

Hitlers Failed Coup - The Beer Hall Putsch

Hitlers Failed Coup - The Beer Hall Putsch Ten years before Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany, he tried to take power by force during the Beer Hall Putsch. On the night of November 8, 1923, Hitler and some of his Nazi confederates stormed into a Munich beer hall and attempted to force the triumvirate, the three men that governed Bavaria, to join him in a national revolution. The men of the triumvirate initially agreed since they were being held at gunpoint, but then denounced the coup as soon as they were allowed to leave. Hitler was arrested three days later and, after a short trial, was sentenced to five years in prison, where he wrote his infamous book, Mein Kampf. A Little Background In the fall of 1922, the Germans asked the Allies for a moratorium on the reparations payments that they were required to pay according to the Versailles Treaty (from World War I). The French government refused the request and then occupied the Ruhr, the integral industrial area of Germany when the Germans defaulted on their payments. The French occupation of German land united the German people to act. So the French would not benefit from the land they occupied, German workers in the area staged a general strike. The German government supported the strike by giving workers financial support. During this time, inflation had increased exponentially within Germany and created a growing concern over the Weimar Republics capability to govern Germany. In August 1923, Gustav Stresemann became Chancellor of Germany. Only a month after taking office, he ordered the end of the general strike in the Ruhr and decided to pay reparations to France. Rightfully believing that there would be anger and revolts within Germany to his announcement, Stresemann had President Ebert declare a state of emergency. The Bavarian government was unhappy with Stresemanns capitulation and declared its own state of emergency on the same day as Stresemanns announcement, September 26. Bavaria was then ruled by a triumvirate which consisted of Generalkommissar Gustav von Kahr, General Otto von Lossow (commander of the army in Bavaria), and Colonel Hans Ritter von Seisser (commander of the state police). Though the triumvirate had ignored and even defied several orders that were directly from Berlin, by the end of October 1923 it seemed that the triumvirate was losing heart. They had wanted to protest, but not if it were to destroy them. Adolf Hitler believed it was time to take action. The Plan It is still debated who actually came up with the plan to kidnap the triumvirate some say Alfred Rosenberg, some say Max Erwin von Scheubner-Richter, while still others say Hitler himself. The original plan was to capture the triumvirate on the German Memorial Day (Totengedenktag) on November 4, 1923. Kahr, Lossow, and Seisser would be on a stand, taking the salute from the troops during a parade. The plan was to arrive on the street before the troops arrived, shut off the street by setting up machine guns, and then get the triumvirate to join Hitler in the revolution. The plan was foiled when it was discovered (the day of the parade) that the parade street was well protected by police. They needed another plan. This time, they were going to march into Munich and seize its strategic points on November 11, 1923 (the anniversary of the armistice). However, this plan was scrapped when Hitler heard about Kahrs meeting. Kahr called a meeting of approximately three thousand government officials on November 8 at the Buergerbrukeller (a beer hall) in Munich. Since the entire triumvirate would be there, Hitler could force them at gunpoint to join him. The Putsch Around eight oclock in the evening, Hitler arrived at the Buergerbrukeller in a red Mercedes-Benz accompanied by Rosenberg, Ulrich Graf (Hitlers bodyguard), and  Anton Drexler. The meeting had already started and Kahr was speaking. Sometime between 8:30 and 8:45 p.m., Hitler heard the sound of trucks. As Hitler burst into the crowded beer hall, his armed storm troopers surrounded the hall and set up a machine gun in the entrance. To grab everyones attention, Hitler jumped onto a table and fired one or two shots into the ceiling. With some help, Hitler then forced his way to the platform. The National Revolution has begun! Hitler shouted. Hitler continued with a few exaggerations and lies stating that there were six hundred armed men surrounding the beer hall, the Bavarian and the national governments had been taken over, the barracks of the army and police were occupied, and that they were already marching under the swastika flag. Hitler then ordered Kahr, Lossow, and Seisser to accompany him into a side private room.  What exactly went on in that room is sketchy. It is believed that Hitler waved his revolver at the triumvirate and then told each of them what their positions would be within his new government. They didnt answer him. Hitler even threatened to shoot them and then himself. To prove his point, Hitler held the revolver to his own head. During this time, Scheubner-Richter had taken the Mercedes to fetch  General Erich Ludendorff,  who had not been privy to the plan. Hitler left the private room and again took the podium. In his speech, he insinuated that Kahr, Lossow, and Seisser had already agreed to join. The crowd cheered. By this time, Ludendorff had arrived. Though he was upset that he had not been informed and that he was not to be the leader of the new government, he went to talk to the triumvirate anyway. The triumvirate then hesitantly agreed to join because of the great esteem they held for Ludendorff. Each one then went onto the platform and made a short speech. Everything seemed to be going smoothly, so Hitler left the beer hall for a short time to personally deal with a clash between his armed men, leaving Ludendorff in charge. The Downfall When Hitler came back to the beer hall, he found that all three of the triumvirate had left. Each one was quickly denouncing the affiliation that they made at gunpoint and was working to put down the putsch. Without the support of the triumvirate, Hitlers plan had failed. He knew he did not have enough armed men to compete against an entire army. Ludendorff came up with a plan. He and Hitler would lead a column of storm troopers into the center of Munich and thus would take control of the city. Ludendorff was confident that no one in the army would fire upon the legendary general (himself). Desperate for a solution, Hitler agreed to the plan. Around eleven oclock in the morning on November 9, approximately 3,000 stormtroopers followed Hitler and Ludendorff on their way to the center of Munich. They met up with a group of police who let them pass after having been given an ultimatum by Hermann Goering that if they were not allowed to pass, hostages would be shot. Then the column arrived at the narrow Residenzstrasse. At the other end of the street, a large group of police waited. Hitler was in the front with his left arm linked with the right arm of Scheubner-Richter. Graf shouted to the police to inform them that Ludendorff was present. Then a shot rang out. No one is sure which side fired the first shot. Scheubner-Richter was one of the first to be hit. Mortally wounded and with his arm linked with Hitler, Hitler went down too. The fall dislocated Hitlers shoulder. Some say that Hitler thought he had been hit. The shooting lasted approximately 60 seconds. Ludendorff kept walking. As everyone else fell to the ground or sought cover, Ludendorff defiantly marched straight ahead. He and his adjutant, Major Streck, marched right through the line of police. He was very angry that no one had followed him. He was later arrested by the police. Goering had been wounded in the groin. After some initial first aid, he was spirited off and smuggled into Austria. Rudolf Hess also  fled to Austria. Roehm surrendered. Hitler, though not really wounded, was one of the first to leave. He crawled and then ran to an awaiting car. He was taken to the home of the Hanfstaengls where he was hysterical and depressed. He had fled while his comrades lay wounded and dying in the street. Two days later, Hitler was arrested. According to different reports, between 14 and 16 Nazis and three policemen died during the Putsch. Sources Fest, Joachim.  Hitler. New York: Vintage Books, 1974.Payne, Robert.  The Life and Death of Adolf Hitler. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1973.Shirer, William L.  The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany. New York: Simon Schuster Inc., 1990.

Plastic Surgerys Miracles and Tragedies

Plastic Surgerys Miracles and Tragedies Free Online Research Papers Plastic surgery is a medical specialty that seeks to improve appearance with the restoration of lost, injured, defective, or misshapen parts of the body by the transfer of tissue. Ever since plastic surgery’s conception in the 5th century, it has become one of the fastest growing medical fields. While some people take this medical branch seriously and use it to improve defective parts of the body caused by accidents or birth deformities, most people have a lighter definition of this serious medical science, they seem to think that it is only to improve ones beauty or to defeat aging. This is why plastic surgery is so popular today; today’s society demands perfect men and women, these people try to have the ideal bodies shown on television, magazines, but by going to far andor being uninformed might cause tragedies, even death. However, I believe that with the proper use and treatment, plastic surgery can cause miracles and change ones life. Today many people think that plastic surgery is performed with plastic; however, this is not true, â€Å"plastic† derives from the Greek word â€Å"plastikos†, meaning to mold or to give form. Although most of the innovations of this field are 20th century, the first documented plastic surgery started in India in the 5th century AD. The first procedures, more similar to reconstructive surgery, involved skin flaps and skin graphs to reconstruct face mutilations. The nose, as a symbol of respect and dignity in this area, was a common example of reconstruction; one of the first successful surgeons of early reconstruction was Susrutu Samhita. Later, after World War I, soldiers with terrible face injuries where having face reconstruction and lifts by surgeon Hollander. The first cosmetic surgery paper was published in 1906 by Miller, an American surgeon who was then described as an unethical practitioner. Furthermore, many of the first cosmetic operations were performed by u nqualified doctors and practitioners that often led to tight and tense skin faces, leaving no slack for movement because they were removing too much amount of skin. On the other hand, many other surgeons were introducing successful innovations but â€Å"It took a long time for the pioneers of this specialty to be accepted even by the medical community†(Sharma 270). For example, since 1980, liposuction was initially a procedure that caused a high level of blood loss, but Jeffrey Klein in 1987 introduced the tumescent technique that involved the infiltration of a solution with dilute amount of lidocaine and epinephrine before surgery. However, his technique, with 29-39% of blood loss difference was slowly adopted over the years. Now, plastic surgery is still growing to the extent where it is becoming a mayor issue in today’s society, and many problems are erupting. In order for plastic surgery to be a success, patients and general population must know the difference between â€Å"going under† procedures and cosmetic treatments because most believe that having plastic surgery is as simple as the application of some special type of facial cream. Many procedures not requiring anesthesia such as facial exfoliations, botox and collagen injections are performed by plastic surgeons and hardly have bad outcomes, but when anesthesia is used, complications increase because most patients go under anesthesia for hours. Furthermore, a plastic surgeon must know how many procedures can be done during a single operation without risking the patient’s life. It is normal to have more than one procedure done at a single operation, but it prolongs recovery and increases the time a patient is anesthetized. Many people are unaware of the risks of anesthesia; it is one of the major causes of problems during operations. For example, Goldsmith chose the be st board-certified plastic surgeon royalties could buy and had the operation at a respected hospital, but she still had a bad reaction to anesthesia. Although not sure, her death might have happened during an emergency appendectomy. One reason that makes plastic surgery so popular is that body improvements may, in fact, raise one’s salary not because people after plastic surgery operations look better, but because their improvements in appearance boost up their self-esteem and confidence, so they become more sociable people and work with more energy; this, eventually can lead to promotions. However, in China people see appearance as the factor for raising earnings. Another reason for this popularity today is the model image that society demands. As described in television, commercials and magazines, the one with the best looks will be the one who is most successful in their social life, sex life and financial life. This attitude seems to be on the rise. From 1992 to 1997 the number of people having plastic surgery has tripled; in addition, the number of women having breast augmentation, between the years of 1992-2001, has increased 533% from 32,607 to 206,354, next was liposuction with a 313% increase in 10 years (47,212 to 195,135). Other procedures with substantial increases were tummy tuck, with a 231% increase, forehead lift with a 229% and eyelid surgery with a 137%. From 2000-02 the amount of procedures equaled out, but in 2003 they started to rise again even faster than the years before. However the most popular procedures remained the same ones during the 4 years: rhinoplasty with an average of 367,751 patients, liposuction with 308,094, eyelid surgery with 260,758 and breast augmentation 230,852 patients. Besides trying to look the best, another challenge men and women have is the prevention of aging. Most causes of body deterioration which strips away our beauty is due to is gravity, ultraviolet rays, natural forces, lifestyle and even genetics; when we sometimes hear â€Å"she’s got good genes† people are referring to genes that determine if, for example, a person will have dry or moist skin, the amount of collagen, the bone structure, etc. A person with dryer skin is more likely to show more aging features before the one with moist skin; therefore, these people take measures others wouldn’t. Although we cannot reverse our chronological age, we can reverse the more important measures of our biological and psychological age - and by doing so can regain the physical and emotional vitality we had in the past, (Schoenhals, 48) Thus, most people consider taking risks to defeat aging and become young again. U.S. surgeons even offer voice lifts to people who want the ir vocal cords tightened, to make them sound as young as plastic surgery made them look. The people that want to change their bodies get the courage to actually follow though with the changes and operations, by watching television programs such as I want a famous face, extreme makeover and plastic surgery before and after. Such programs make a patient’s transformation look unrealistically fast and easy. As Lianne George states, â€Å"Typical episodes consist of tears, unnaturally handsome doctors, a five-minute healing montage, a new hairdo and frenetic squeals of joy.†(40) What audience only sees is the positive side and does not know about the suffering that really happens behind the camera. Two patients from I want a famous face, Matt and Mike Schlepp, 20-year-old twins wanted to look like actor Brad Pitt so much that they got nose jobs, cheek and chin implants, and porcelain dental veneers totaling more than $22,000.Although they ended up liking their knew image, they were disappointed that they did not look like Brad Pitt. On the other hand, there are television programs that are trying to send messages that people can be â€Å"redone† without going under the knife. One of these programs, The Biggest Loser, a reality show, consists of 2 teams of 6 people with a personal trainer. Their objective is to undergo physical challenges and temptations to lose as much weight as possible. After each weak the team that loses the least has to eliminate one of their members, and the one that finally wins, is the one that lost the most weight the biggest loser becomes the biggest winner (NBC in Oldenburg). Some people think that shows like this give courage and help overweight people become healthier by losing weight using good methods, but such programs suggest that being a little overweight is a mayor problem and affects adolescents in a critical way. Performing plastic surgery on adolescents is becoming more accepted. However, plastic surgeons are having problems in deciding whether or not to perform these procedures during the period of rapid physical and psychological development of their patients. On the other hand, plastic surgery may offer benefits to adolescents with psychological problems because of body deformities. These doctors feel that the altering of the deformities before the adolescents end up as adults with out self esteem, will be a worthwhile endeavor. A study has asked questions and compared adolescents with a general dissatisfaction of their body and adolescents in the general population. From 1995 to 1997, adolescents aged 12 to 22 years, 275 adolescents applied for plastic surgery in the south-western region of The Netherlands, and 35 did not undergo because of being overweight or for financial reasons. (Simis, Verhulst and Koot 671) N= number of adolescents aplicating per procedure. The responses of the questions that were asked in the study show that adolescents have a realistic attitude towards their appearance, they are psychologically healthy, but are dissatisfied about the body parts that they are considering for operation (chart). However, introverted patients may need more attention from plastic surgeons during the psychosocial assessment. Plastic surgery can be life altering because irreversible changes in ones body and life attitude occur, so the patient must know for sure what heshe is about to do. In addition, the patient must have realistic expectations, choose the most adequate procedures and have in mind the risk at all time. The doctor also must know the patient’s psychological position before selecting himshe as a patient; for instance, a woman that is obsessed with larger breasts and thinks that a larger size will change the world for her, is more likely to never be satisfied with her body; thus, she will take risks and extreme measures to try to be perfect, so the doctor must be cautious when he chooses this type of patients. They also must know the real reason why they are having operations and changes to their body. If the patient’s decision is based on different reasons other than improving hisher body, the operation could make that person feel worse with herselfhimself and be unhappier with the new body. Such reasons that should not lead to plastic surgery are believing that a new nose will turn one’s face into a famous face, hoping that larger breasts will attract a new handsome boyfriend, or thinking that a smooth stomach will revive a sagging marriage. Thus, â€Å"Before permitting any surgeon to adjust your physical profile, you must first adjust your psychological profile.†(Sharma 270) Even some doctors do not take plastic surgery serious. Statistics say that there more than 200,000 malpractice suits over the past 10 years. Many of these doctors who are not qualified in cosmetic skin surgery, or trained as plastic surgeons accept plastic surgery appointments at a lower price; Furthermore, some even practice illegal procedures. For instance, models who can not afford expensive buttock implants take serious risks to have a similar outcome by injecting the buttock area with silicone bought at hardware shops. Consequently, many of these women die because the silicone gets clogged in arteries and veins, not allowing the cells to receive oxygen. Even famous people suffer from these terrible malpractises; Elaine Young, ex-wife of the actor Gig Young, had silicone injected into her cheeks instead of silicone implants, but the silicone traveled to her brain and almost killed her. She had to undergo 46 reconstructive surgeries to correct the damage, but her face was so sever ely paralyzed that she will never be able to smile again. Then she realized that even if doctors are from Beverly Hills and have fancy offices, doesn’t mean they are qualified. Elaine later made a successful campaign to ban the use of silicone in plastic surgery, and the doctor ended up committing suicide. In addition, many of these unqualified doctors allow other surgery procedures to be performed in un-sanitized areas such as offices and other non-surgical rooms. For instance, a common procedure known as â€Å"botox parties† consist of a group of men and women waiting in a room, wile every 15 minutes one is called in to an office where the botox injections are done. It is performed in groups because once botox is opened and diluted, it must be used within four hours. Botox procedures are injections of Botulinum Toxin Type A in the forehead muscles; this protein complex interferes with the muscle contraction and smoothes out forehead wrinkles and frown lines. Even tho ugh this treatment is not permanent, injecting the wrong amount of protein or in the wrong facial area the patient can end up with droopy eyelid muscles or other side effects such as headache, respiratory infection, flu syndrome, and nausea for weeks. However, botox injections are becoming more popular, in fact, in 2000 and 2001 approximately 821,378 people per year received injections, in 2002 1,1 million people and in 2003, almost 3 million people had botox injections. To look for the right doctor, patients usually select the first one in the yellow pages or the closest one, but they should put more serious effort into their search because heshe is going to perform operations that may cost their life, if the surgeon is not qualified with at least an M.S. or M.D. However, overall, plastic surgery with the proper measures is an advance in today’s world. Even though some people criticize legal plastic surgery procedures with qualified doctors such as breast implants because they claim that they produce breast cancer, studies by researchers prove that women’s mortality rate with implants are lower than the rate of women without implants. The study looked for of all kinds of cancers in women with implants and in women who had plastic surgery not involving implants, and followed all women for 13 years. As a result, women with implants had a lower mortality rate, but they were more likely to die from brain cancer and committing suicide. The authors said that these cases are not related to exposure to silicone, but are due to factors common in the lifestyle of women who choose to have implants. Secondly, plastic surgery is a great improvement to the lives of men, women and even children who were born with deformities or suffered accidental injuries because their bodies can be reconstructed. In these cases plastic surgery can cause miracles for people that thought they would never look â€Å"normal† again. In extreme cases, plastic surgery can even save ones life. For instance, before plastic surgery, infants that are born with rare skull deformities would die from cerebrospinal fluid leakage or infection, but if these infants are operated on while their skull tissue is still flexible, plastic surgeons can reconstruct their skull so they can live a normal life. Another example is Terri Rodriguez; She was diagnosed with breast cancer on both breasts. Instead of choosing kimerotherapy she chosed breast reconstruction. Her procedure involved taking out cancerijous tissue and replacing it with skin that was left from a tummy-tuck. The operations were a success, she had n o cancer, and she even got a smooth tummy. In conclusion, the young beautiful image that society demands is one of mayor causes of plastic surgery’s popularity today. This surgical branch can turn around the life of people with deformities and mutilations, but only with the right attitude, qualified plastic surgeons and the correct knowledge. If improper use, over usage and malpractise then irreversible accidents occur that even lead to death. Research Papers on Plastic Surgery’s Miracles and TragediesRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanGenetic EngineeringMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesLifes What IfsQuebec and Canada19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Fifth Horseman

Practice in Identifying Helping Verbs in English

Practice in Identifying Helping Verbs in English A helping verb (also called an auxiliary verb) is a verb (such as have, do, or will) that comes before the main verb in a sentence. This exercise will give you practice in identifying helping verbs. Instructions Each of the following 15 sentences contains at least one helping verb. Identify the helping verb(s) in each sentence, and then compare your answers with those on page two. Keep in mind that more than one helping verb (such as has been) can be used in front of a main verb. In addition, remember that sometimes another word (such as not) separates the helping verb from the main verb. My sister has promised to come with us to the Thousand Islands.Sam and Dave will prepare a PowerPoint presentation for the class.I must return to Yellowstone National Park to appreciate its significance and astonishing beauty.We should read another book by E.B. White.We should not waste our time watching TV.My brother will be flying out of Cleveland tomorrow morning.We have been studying all week for the final exam.Katie has not been studying very hard.My car was stolen by a couple of kids out for a good time.I can help you tonight if you will drive me home later.Thousands of people, braving the cold and the rain, had been waiting for hours for the band to show up.Tony and his friends are bored with their lives, and so they are always looking for trouble.I know that I must make a decision soon, but first I may ask my teacher for advice.Marie could not start her car this morning, so she will probably not go into work at all today.I have finished the quiz on helping verbs, and now I am going home.   Below are the answers (in bold) to the practice exercise in  Identifying Helping Verbs. My sister  has  promised to come with us to the Thousand Islands.Sam and Dave  will  prepare a PowerPoint presentation for the class.I  must  return to Yellowstone National Park to appreciate its significance and astonishing beauty.We  should  read another book by E.B. White.We  should  not waste our time watching TV.My brother  will be  flying out of Cleveland tomorrow morning.We  have been  studying all week for the final exam.Katie  has  not  been  studying very hard.My car  was  stolen by a couple of kids out for a good time.I  can  help you tonight if you  will  drive me home later.Thousands of people, braving the cold and the rain,  had been  waiting for hours for the band to show up.Tony and his friends  are  bored with their lives, and so they  are  always looking for trouble.I know that I  must  make a decision soon, but first I  may  ask my teacher for advice.Marie  could  not start her car this morning , so she  will  probably not go into work at all today.I  have  finished the quiz on helping verbs, and now I  am  going home.

The IASB at a Crossroads Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The IASB at a Crossroads - Assignment Example IFRS ensures high quality standards in financial reporting of financial statements globally by promoting transparency, accountability and integrity in financial reporting. High quality financial reports enable the making of effective decisions IFRS decreases the cost of capital and provides institutional investors with the ability to make well-informed decisions by comparing investment portfolio. Companies trading in the stock market are required to comply with IFRS. IFRS helps to reduce information asymmetry and reduces transaction costs thus reducing the cost of capital. This helps attract Foreign Direct Investments. IFRS also promotes better management control systems. Despite the benefits adoption of IFRS faces quite a number of challenges. There is lack of public awareness on the use of IFRS and its benefits to regulatory authorities and investors. This is because of lack of information on IFRS. There is chronic shortage of competent professionals in some countries especially developing countries to implement IFRS. Most of these countries still use previous accounting practices which IFRS is phasing out. The IASB is ambiguous in its requirement on the adoption of IFRS globally. For instance, the less developed countries would simply adopt the standards without putting in appropriate legislative measures. A few industry players would adopt IFRS and yet the country would be registered as an adopter of IFRS. The IASB can promote updating of academic curricula in universities and training institutions across the world in order to raise public awareness on the use of IFRS and raise competent professionals who can implement IFRS. IASB can continuously publish pronouncements and embark on capacity building programs on IFRS to provide more information to investors and regulatory

Reflection paper on Nancy Andreasen's book, Brave New Brain Essay

Reflection paper on Nancy Andreasen's book, Brave New Brain - Essay Example A similar treatment has been appropriated by many experts with regards Nancy Andreasens book titled, Brave New Brain: Conquering Mental Illness in the Era of the Genome in which the author contends that the mapping of the brain and the human genome, occurring seemingly at the same time, has brought forward a new and effective understanding of the biological origins of mental illness. For many, this only implies that ‘biological understanding’ would refer to evolution, setting aside the teaching of Christianity which states that God intervenes on human affairs. For others, the Christian approach of ministering to individuals with mental illness will be considered inept and ineffective as this does not mesh with the ‘scientific procedure’ of administering to people with mental disabilities. In her book, Nancy Andreasens notes that the convergent research focusing on the genome and mental illness is a fascinating development as it transformed the way we think of mental illnesses and their implications. First, with the utilization of new technology in neurology and psychiatry, experts are able to link the illnesses of the mind to biology and all illnesses have biological basis, even schizophrenia (Andreasen 4). This of course, does not conform to some Christian notions that mental illness is a result of demon possessions or is something related to superstition. Thus, Nancy Andreasen asserts that the best treatment should be one which varies from one patient to another. Clearly, the holistic approach to the treatment of mental illnesses is no longer acceptable. Some of the methods which Andreasen are ones that are based on science such as genomics and neuroimaging as she states that ‘mental illnesses are diseases of the brain that can be understood and treated using established scientific tools’ (Andreasen 7). What is considerable to note here is that Andreasen’s contentions that the brain ‘teaches itself to learn’ pose a

CASE STUDY tree Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

CASE STUDY tree - Essay Example It will also help Joan overcome the exceptional situation she is put in. There are various vital points that Joan needs to establish in order to justify her decision to follow the recommendation made by one of her officers that the 16-year-old mentally retarded boy should be provided with a community based treatment. She has to prove all her arguments valid to the reporter and therefore the following points may be put across in justification of the decision. May go about finding fault with the decision taken and rearrange the entire policy in a way that an experienced and more efficient officer is given the responsibility of the entire activity regarding the matter wherein he plays a key role. Although all these are possibilities, the chief probation officer should take the most innovative and judicious steps to see the plans of Joan are carried forward and realized as such an action alone could help the specific case to be resolved. Therefore, he needs to act with extra maturity and consciousness. The recommendation made by the probation officer in relation to the specific case of the 16-year-old child may be criticized on various levels. However, when the facts about the specific case are considered, these criticisms prove to be without any room. There is no situation in which the officer is making an escape from the responsibility. Many often the longevity of probation officers is treated as reason for stress and/or burnout and they â€Å"are more likely to leave the position or try to avoid additional work.† (Peak, 2001). Conversely, the recommendation of the officer is not based on any such reasons. It is a correct recommendation to make considering the given facts. It is particularly notable that the recommendation and the decision with regard to the specific case must be followed through and if any type of

Yoga Brand Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Yoga Brand Comparison - Essay Example Besides, the post underscores Marika Company’s diversity that extends to children wear hence time saving as wears of all consumer categories are available under one roof in a superior brand. The idea of the writer on coming up with an improved line of apparel is consistent with the consumer demand trend that emphasizes flexibility, light weight and strength. Exercise clothing are becoming a significant part of daily life hence the relevance of the post (Hitzmann 54). The viewpoint of this writer is sensitive and a welcome as it considers the aspect of environment. The post emphasizes the aspect of eco-friendly products of Barefoot Yoga Company. This is in line with contemporary marketing strategy and ethical business practices. It is worth to note that eco-friendly products meet the global campaign needs on sustainable growth and climate change management. The writer is therefore emphatic on this concept and relates it to the ongoing debate on global climate change which is attributed to environmental degradation (Corrett,et al.43). The experience of Yoga is a key factor into Barefoot Yoga company products. On Marika Company, the post explores the significance of a company website that eases the work of the consumer in choosing among variety. Besides, website is in tandem with the overriding online marketing idea hence its relevance. Gender sensitivity of Marika products and its profound fitness aspect put it ahead of the park. This post is positive in the sense that it creates awareness on the comfort factor when it comes to buying clothing for exercise and Yoga experiences. The opinion of the writer on creating a personal line that caters for long lasting, flexible and sweat absorption is a desire of many hence the validity of this post’s

Grunert's Total Food Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Grunert's Total Food Quality - Essay Example Furthermore, very well taste being free from Bovine Spongiform Enciphalopathy, genetic amendment and food additives are incentives for buying food. According to the Grunert's Total Food Quality Model the propensity towards augmented consumption of food can be correlated to a broader concern as regard to environmental issues. The major reasons that thwart consumers from purchasing food are: high price, be deficient in availability, gratification with conventional food, lack of reliance, the inadequate choice and paucity of perceived value. Although a number of consumers have shown curiosity in food, the food options of comparatively few people have been affected. Hence, expressed curiosity in food does not play a momentous role in food purchase and a disparity between positive attitude and behaviour is evident. Thus, acquaintance of consumers' cognitive structures and their impact on the purchase decision will indeed shed light on consumers' food purchases verdict that facilitates UK food firms in devising their marketing strategies. Economic theory has shown some confine in explaining the intricacy and multidimensionality of consumer activities. These bounds not only relate to the supposition of consumer rationality (that is utility exploiting behaviour) and flawless information. The majority of economic models use relative prices and disposable income or budget as illustrative variables of consumer deeds and treat every other sway (for instance social, economic and cultural factors) as cloaked or latent variables: quality inspection is one of them. The analysis of Grunert's Total Food Quality Model guides United Kingdom food firms devising marketing strategies that how consumer attitude deals primarily with predilections and how predilections are formed in the mind of the consumer. Marketing approaches to consumer attitude may be eminent as cognitive versus behavioural. According to Grunert the cognitive approaches underscore constructs dealing with cerebral structures and thinking processes; behavioural approaches stress upon direct links among the characteristics of the environment and behaviour. Both approaches are broadly accepted and accredited ways of analysing behaviour, with a high degree of complement. In this analysis one will ponder on the first approach and concentrate on consumer product knowledge, engagement and eagerness in the case of organic products. From a cognitive perspective, one can define consumer behaviour as the activities that people engross in when deciding, purchasing, and using goods and services to gratify desires. Such activities involve cerebral and emotional processes, besides physical actions. The cognitive approach is based on consumer acquaintance, product perception and the desires consumers want to gratify. Cognition is referred to as the dynamic cerebral constructs and processes involved in thinking, discerning and interpreting stimuli and events from the environment. It includes the information, sense and values that consumers have developed from their practice and stored in their memories. Whilst several aspects of cognition are sentient

Yoga Brand Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Yoga Brand Comparison - Essay Example Besides, the post underscores Marika Company’s diversity that extends to children wear hence time saving as wears of all consumer categories are available under one roof in a superior brand. The idea of the writer on coming up with an improved line of apparel is consistent with the consumer demand trend that emphasizes flexibility, light weight and strength. Exercise clothing are becoming a significant part of daily life hence the relevance of the post (Hitzmann 54). The viewpoint of this writer is sensitive and a welcome as it considers the aspect of environment. The post emphasizes the aspect of eco-friendly products of Barefoot Yoga Company. This is in line with contemporary marketing strategy and ethical business practices. It is worth to note that eco-friendly products meet the global campaign needs on sustainable growth and climate change management. The writer is therefore emphatic on this concept and relates it to the ongoing debate on global climate change which is attributed to environmental degradation (Corrett,et al.43). The experience of Yoga is a key factor into Barefoot Yoga company products. On Marika Company, the post explores the significance of a company website that eases the work of the consumer in choosing among variety. Besides, website is in tandem with the overriding online marketing idea hence its relevance. Gender sensitivity of Marika products and its profound fitness aspect put it ahead of the park. This post is positive in the sense that it creates awareness on the comfort factor when it comes to buying clothing for exercise and Yoga experiences. The opinion of the writer on creating a personal line that caters for long lasting, flexible and sweat absorption is a desire of many hence the validity of this post’s

An Overview of Art Historical Movements and their Effect on the Movies Research Paper

An Overview of Art Historical Movements and their Effect on the Movies - Research Paper Example This is an American animation kid’s film. There is a lot of martial arts influence in the animation, which makes it different from previous films of its kind. It is however similar to some American film structures, for example, the TV Series Smallville. In this film, the main character, Clark Kent, is also sent to earth with a specific mission. In his quest to fulfil his mission, a character is developed, other characters come in, and a long TV series is formed with varying episodes. Currently, American films are so much influenced by martial arts. Samurai Jack is an American film based on a Japanese story. The presence of martial arts is, therefore, not a surprise, but it is an indication of the acceptance of martial arts, and its influence in American films. Martial art has been shown as a necessary skill in fighting evil (Schehr 102). The film is a sub-genre of animation, an animated children’s film. These sub-genres are designed for specific age demographic and the young. They usually explore the incredible world (Jenkins 7). This is exactly what Samurai Jack is all about. Jack is a superhero who travels around the world to learn different forms of combat. He is the only person with the powers to stop a shape shifting wizard. This is a world of fantasy, for all that Jack is portrayed as capable of, are exaggerated. The story, like any other animated children films, is centred on a leading role that has to fight in a scenario of good over evil (Jenkins 9). Jack has to fight the main villain, Aku, and other evil people that he comes across in his journey to fulfil his mission (Walt Cartoon). Samurai Jack Meets Wong Fei Hung episode. Almost everything is a replicate of scenes as seen in other martial arts movies. Wong Fei Hung is shown sitting down in a position similar to all other martial art teachers. The

To Veil of Not To Veil Essay Example for Free

To Veil of Not To Veil Essay Those of people that are brought up in typical western culture believe that Muslim women who wear the job symbolize the continued oppression of women in the Middle East. In â€Å"To Veil or Not To Veil† Jen’nan Ghazal and John P. Bartkowski perform a case study of different forms of identity among Muslim women in Austin Texas. This experiment delves into Muslim culture and tries to analyze both sides of the argument a primarily factual essay. The article carefully analyses both sides of the issue in an attempt to better understand what the head coverings mean for these women, and how their gender roles compare as muslim women. It appears that some people of the west fail to do before making assumptions about Middle Eastern oppression of women, many stop to ask a Muslim woman what she thinks about wearing a veil. In their case study Ghazel and Bartkowski talked to twelve veiled women and twelve unveiled women in Austin, Texas and asked them questions surrounding the controversy of the hijab. Islamic women’s motivations for veiling seem to vary dramatically. The range can be broad as expressing their strongly held conviction, to critique western culture, for strictly religious purposes, and to be viewed not just as women, but as intellectual equals. Some of verses in the Qur’an and Hadiths (Islam’s holy texts) say that women must wear to hijab to not tempt men and that to be a good Muslim woman she must conceal her body. This belief makes women overall much more modest and submissive. The Islamic religion according to the article is very much a patriarchal religious institution and some of the bureaucratic men in the society are said to see the veil as a way to keep women subservient in their society. This appears to be the central reason why unveiled women do not wear a hijab. They believe that because the head covering wasn’t originally created by Islam they shouldn’t have to wear it to achieve spiritual welfare or be considered of higher religious caliber. They believe the hijab is an oppressive tool to leave the male social hierarchy as it is now. By not wearing the hijab it appears that the majority of women feel empowered verses those woman who do where a veil. But it is important to note that there exceptions to the rule, the article talked about a girl who wore the hijab to be taken seriously by society and move up the social hierarchy. This article primarily uses an empirical methodology. The arguments are portrayed through the research and case study that the two authors conducted in Austin, Texas. Both arguments are covered thoroughly and some quantitative data is used. As I read the article I found it surprising that the two authors only conducted this study on twenty four women, twenty four Americanized women no less. An American Muslim woman verses a Middle Eastern Muslim woman can have very different views on the issue simply because the societies are so different, it is possible that the culture of the United States is encouraging this challenging think by these twenty four women. I also found it a little shocking that the article failed to address the factor fear plays in Middle Eastern Muslim women to wear the hijab. The majority of the Middle East is based on an ideology called Timocracy which is a society based on honor. When women in some countries do not wear the veil they are in affect disrespecting Islam and the nation according to some more radical Muslims. Because of this many women are punished by being beaten for something as little as a veil slipping in public. It is clear that a hijab does not have just one singular meaning. The veil may be a piece of the Islamic religion, but it is how women view and own the veil that determines what gender arises for the issue. While the some of the cultures may be forced on women, like Iran it takes independent and free thinking women to determine the culture now and how it will evolve.

An entrepreneurial firm

An entrepreneurial firm Introduction A business that is privately owned and operated with a small number of employees and has relatively low volume of sales is called a small business. It can be started at a very low cost and on a part-time basis. Small Business Management refers to management of such small businesses. A firm which undertakes risky ventures and engages in product-market innovation is called an entrepreneurial firm. (www.highbeam.com) An Entrepreneur is a person responsible for setting up a new enterprise. He has the initiative, skill for innovation and ideas. He looks for high achievements and assumes significant accountability for risks taken and their outcome. Entrepreneurship involves taking risks, investing under uncertain conditions innovating, planning and taking decisions to increase productivity and profits. The purpose of this project is to understand and analyze the characteristics of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial firms by critically evaluating the entrepreneurial orientation of the Google Inc and entrepreneurial traits of its founders, critically evaluating the entrepreneurial orientation of a local small business and entrepreneurial traits of its founders and commenting on the differences/similarities between the two. The local small business chosen for this project is Layali al Asalah. It is an institution which encourages Omani women fashion designers to hone their skills to become more creative and innovative. Entrepreneurial Orientation Entrepreneurial Orientation refers to the processes, practices, and decision-making activities that lead to new entry(Lumpkin Dess, 1996, p. 136).It is a key ingredient for a firms success. Entrepreneurial Orientation is a strategic response to a complex set of institutional environment and firm factors. Entrepreneurial behaviour, behaviour that is more aggressive, innovative, proactive and risk taking, is significantly associated with specific attributes of the institutional environment of the firm. It is also associated with the perceptions that firm leaders have of that environment and the resources available to the firm for responding to environmental conditions. (www.freelibrary.com) Entrepreneurial Traits Entrepreneurial Traits, also known as entrepreneurial competencies refer to a mixture of knowledge, skills and personality required to successfully run a business with superior performance. Some of the most prominent traits possessed by successful Entrepreneurs are: Initiative: It is an inner urge in an individual to do or initiate something. Entrepreneur is an innovator who explores new ways of working to initiate and accelerate the process of economic development. He is always on the lookout for opportunities and is ready to exploit them in the best interests of the organization. Motivation Persistence: An entrepreneur is self motivated towards achievement, is never disheartened by failures and is dedicated to what he does. Commitment to efficiency: An entrepreneur is always keen to devise new methods aimed at promoting efficiency, making work easier, simpler, better and economical. Idea generation: An entrepreneur generates new ideas through vision, insight and observation and also through environmental scanning and market survey. Creativity: Creativity refers to richness of ideas and originality of thinking and ability to produce something new through imaginative skill. Innovation: Innovation means doing new things or doing things in a new way. It includes new processes of production, introduction of new products, creation of new markets, discovery of a new and better form of organization and the like that enable the organization to gain competitive advantage in the market. Introduction to Google Inc. Mission: To organize the worlds information and make it universally accessible and useful. (www.google.com) About Google Inc.: Google Inc. is a search engine, an entrepreneurial venture by Sergey Brin and Larry Page. Google, initially named Backrub, was started as a research project by Sergey Brin and Larry Page. In 1997 they registered the domain name google.com derived from the word googol, a mathematical term to representing one followed by 100 zeros. It was named so to reflect the immense volume of information that exists, and the scope of Googles mission. In 1998, it became a privately owned incorporate known as Google Inc. With use of state of the art technology and extensive research on search algorithms, Google successfully established its brand name in internet search engines. It now employs almost 20,000 employees world over with a management team which boasts of having some of the most experienced technology professionals in the industry. Google became successful because it was faster and better at finding the correct answer than other search engines at the time. Over the years Google has grown an d expanded offerings from a single service to dozens. Its dedication to its users and belief in the possibilities of the Internet remain unchanged. Products and Services offered: Online productivity software like the Gmail e-mail software, applications such as the web browser Google Chrome, social networking tools like Orkut and Google Buzz, the Picasa photo organization and editing software, Google Talk instant messaging and phone operating system like the Android mobile. Culture: Google is known for having an informal corporate culture. Google still maintains a small company feel even though it has grown a lot since its inception. Its commitment to innovation depends upon everyone feeling comfortable sharing ideas and opinions. No employee hesitates to directly pose questions to Larry or Sergey. When not at work, the employees pursue interests from wine tasting to flying Frisbee. Entrepreneurial Orientation of Google Inc. Risk taking: Embarking on new ventures like Google Green and Google Venture gives evidence that Google inc. is a risk taking firm as significant amount of resources were committed in these ventures without surety of their success. Google is the only company in the world which was bold enough to take the risky step of playing with the Companys logo by creating doodles. In 2011, Google will launch Google TV which is a combination of TV, applications, search and entire web on TV. This is a risky venture considering that it will be in direct competition to conventional TV. Innovation: Even after having successfully established a brand name, Google Inc. has continued to invest heavily in innovation and launched many new products and designs over the years. They have kept the element of imagination that transforms designs from simple to delightful alive and kept evolving products in new directions. Some of their innovative products are: Google Translate: It is the worlds largest machine translation engine having more than 50 language pairs. Google Translate mobile version can transcribe ones voice, translating the content into any other language of choice and then speaking it back to the User. Android: It is a mobile service which lets Users access information at will. Users can carry out various tasks like checking mail, online shopping etc from their mobile phones. Google Instant: It predicts Users search and shows results instantly even before typing is finished. Google Books: It allows users to manage a personal bookshelf, see what books friends are readings, share books etc. Google Chrome: It is a modern browser designed to handle complex dynamic web. Chrome was built based on three ideas: simplicity, speed and security. Its powerful JavaScript engine helps Chrome handle complex web applications at lightning speeds. It includes features designed for efficiency and ease of use. For example, one can search and navigate from the same box. It has built in features like translation, built-in malware, phishing protection and auto updates to ensure the browser is up-to-date with the latest security updates. Service consciousness: Google Inc. is committed to providing best quality of services to the Users. The company knows that time is valuable for Users and therefore it aims to provide fast, accurate and easy-to-use services. Googles search interface is offered in more than 110 languages and translation tools are available to translate web pages to address the needs of people around the globe. Competitive aggressiveness: Competition keeps Google Inc. on the toes. Google continuously invests in research technology to keep ahead of competition. Owing to cut throat competition from rivals like Microsofts Bing, Google has enhanced output potential of every internet search by introducing Google Instant which makes the search faster by almost 2 to 5 seconds. Autonomy: It refers to the independent actions taken by entrepreneurial leaders or teams to start a new venture and seeing it succeed. Google Inc. has started various new ventures like Google Org Google Green and worked hard to make them successful. Entrepreneurial traits of Googles Founders: Vision: Googles founders were very technology savvy and wanted masses world over to have access to the vast information available all over with the help of technology. They had the vision to make internet and power of search to help people use information to improve their lives and contribute to economic development. Passion: Googles founders are passionate about their business. Being one of the worlds largest research groups focused primarily on addressing search related problems, they know what they do well, and how they could do it better. Their dedication to improving search helps them apply what they have learned to new products. Creativity: From the beginning, Googles founders have been working on technology that can help improve existing ways of doing business. They have built an informal culture and a working environment where employees are encouraged to be creative and create innovative products that solve real-world problems. To motivate the employees, a Founders Award is presented to teams who create innovative products. Risk taking: Larry and Sergy saw an opportunity for search engines and took a risk by creating Google Inc. after heavily borrowing money. Opportunity seeking: They believed in the possibilities of internet and saw an opportunity in the market for search engines. Their idea was new and risky but they were determined to make it work. Even after its success they are always on the lookout for opportunities and ready to exploit them in the best interests of the organizations. They work with their teams to discover peoples actual needs, including needs they cant always articulate. Armed with that information, they create products that solve real-world problems. There was a need to be able to access information on the move, saw that as an opportunity and developed android. There was a need for Search results being faster, so developed Google instant. Small Business: Layali Al Asalah Vision: To promote fashion as a great medium to showcase the designers creativity as well as empower, teach women about business and entrepreneurial skills. (www.layalialasalah.com) About Layali Al Asalah: Layali Al Asalah which means Night of Culture is a small business entrepreneur venture in Oman started by three friends Samah al Wahaibi, Najla al Kindi and Nadia al Zakwani, It is a fashion institution which trains Omani women fashion designers to make it big in the fashion industry. It encourages Omani women interested in fashion designing to think creatively, improve their technical skills and discover the entrepreneur within them. The three friends realized that many Omani women were into fashion designing but lacked formal fashion know-how. They wanted to do something interesting and different for female fashion designers in Oman but had no formal plans of establishing any business. Samah got an opportunity to attend a seminar Breaking the Glass Ceiling in Salzburg which was about accomplishments of women from worldover. The success stories of the talented women inspired her to start a business venture of her own. Upon returning to Oman she got together with her two friends and in 2006 founded Layali Al Asalah Co. to provide formal training and education in fashion designing aimed at attracting emerging Omani women fashion designers. They started off the venture by organising a competition called When Authenticity Speaks, where the theme centred on the Omani embroidery. The competition categories included Omani outfits for women and handbag shoe designing. This competition is now an annual event. Scholarships to pursue courses in University of Milan are awarded to the winners to who then go on to create their own fashion brands. Products and Services offered: In addition to providing formal training and education, their offerings include arranging Concerts, Event Management, Fashion Shows and organizing Workshops and Exhibitions. In 2009, they created an Asalah villa, which rents space at reasonable rates to budding designers who are otherwise compelled to operate from home due to high market rental. Â  Building upon the success of Layali Al Asalah Asalah villa, they opened up a store called Layali Al Asalah Shoes. The strong selling point about their shoes is that all shoes have a strong Omani presence with glimpses of several other cultures in it. Entrepreneurial Orientation of Layali Al Asalah Innovation: Layali al Asalah is an innovative venture as there was no such fashion institution in Oman till this venture, which offered any training to Omani women in fashion designing. The competition When Authenticity Speaks also is one of a kind in Oman where themes include Omani embroideries and the designers get to show their creativity in Omani garments, handbags, shoes, etc. The winners are chosen through online voting which is also an innovative idea using latest technology. The competition is made more lucrative attractive to women by offering of Scholarships for further studies at University of Milan. The concept of Asalah villa helps budding designers promote their business, create a client base and participate in exhibitions. Layali Al Asalah Shoes churn out shoes with innovative designs. Each shoe is wrapped in Omani and various other cultures. For example authentic Omani silver jewellery is incorporated into rainbow hued shoes representing Omani culture. Annual bazaar under the name Asalah Bazaar is another innovative idea where the participants display their collections sell the products at discounted prices. Risk taking: Layali al Asalah is willing to accept business risks as is evident from their various new ventures like Layali Al Asalah Shoes Asalah villa started over the years since their establishment even though there was no surety of success. Funding for the new business ventures is a challenging task for the organisation due to limited availability of resources. Proactiveness: Layali al Asalah is an opportunity-seeking, forward-looking venture which has been proactive in introduction of new ideas like the Design competition, organisation of annual bazaar for display sale of products, etc. It has created new products like shoes with glimpses of Omani other cultures. It has stayed ahead of the competition and has been acting in anticipation of future demand of their offerings. Autonomy: Asalah villa and Layali Al Asalah Shoes were new ventures by Layali al Asalah where the founders took the necessary steps independently to ensure success. Service consciousness: The organisation is fully devoted to ensure that their services are of highest quality standard and it puts in its best for achieving these standards. The organisation believes in excellence which is reflected in everything it does. The workshops and exhibitions are held in line with the progress in world fashion industry. Scholarships to desiring candidates ensure that they can compete with the latest in fashion industry. Entrepreneurship traits of Layali Al Asalahs Founders: Risk taking: The founders were very young and inexperienced in the field of business management. Although they were highly motivated and enthusiastic, they were not familiar with the risks of the business. However, they took the risk of starting the business without worrying much about the consequences. Even after successfully establishing the organisation, they continued to venture into implementation of innovative ideas like Asalah villa and Layali Al Asalah Shoes. Self confidence: Though the founders lacked resources and knew it was a risky venture, they were determined to convert their idea into a reality and were not cowed down by difficulties as they believed in their abilities and strengths. Not only did they make the venture successful, they continued to grow it by opening more branches. Creativity: It refers to the phenomenon whereby a person or a group of persons create something new which may be a product, a solution, or an enterprise which has some kind of value for the society. The creativity of founders of Layali Al Asalah is evident from their ability to use their imagination, analytical approach and intelligence to convert their idea of fashion designing institute into a reality. They continued to explore new ideas like designing shoes with Omani jewellery and gluing Chinese embroidered silk fabric onto the shoes. The concept of Asalah Villa Bazaar to help budding fashion designers also depicts their creativity. The founders came up with I Read A Book a creative concept aimed at promoting reading of books amongst Omani people, through a fashion show with the theme of libraries, books and reading which brought to light the libraries available locally. Opportunity seekers: The 3 founders saw an opportunity for opening an organization that would encourage those interested in fashion designing to improve their technical skills and discover the entrepreneur within them. In Oman there were several shoemakers who made slippers for Omani men but hardly any for womens shoes. Hence an opportunity in shoe making market was discovered and Layali Al Asalah shoe was created. Rentals are considerably high in Oman and therefore budding entrepreneurs are compelled to limit their businesses to their homes. Capturing this as an opportunity, the founders launched Asalah villa, which rents space at reasonable rates to budding designers. Â   Conclusion The prime difference between a an entrepreneur and small business owner is that the small business owner remains contented with earning enough profits to live his life a comfortably and keep his business running, is not really interested in expanding his business and is more than likely to keep the business within the family. Another notable difference between the two is that a small business owner tends to need motivation; whereas, an entrepreneur is fuelled by ambition, drive and inspiration. Small business owners are not the ones to think out the box; whereas, entrepreneurs come up with new ideas, innovative products, as well as construct creative strategic marketing plans. In a competitive environment innovation provides the basis for sustainability of an organization. Entrepreneurs innovate and the instrument of entrepreneurship is innovation. Entrepreneurship is a creative activity and an innovative function. Innovation may be in the form of a new product or production process, opening a new market or a new form of organization. Economic growth depends on the rate of applied technical progress i.e. innovation which in turn depends on the supply of entrepreneurs in the society. Thus the entrepreneur is the agent of change in the society because he is the one who always searches for change, identifies needs, responds to them and exploits them as an opportunity and in turn generates employment opportunities for others. Upon analysis of the traits of Google Inc. Layali Al Asalah, it can be concluded that Google Inc. is an entrepreneurial firm while Layali Al Asalah is a small business with very strong entrepreneurial orientation and therefore can also be considered an entrepreneurial firm. Both the firms have similarities in certain prominent traits like risk taking, innovation, autonomy and service consciousness. Both firms had humble beginnings at a small scale and went on to grow and expand their operations. Important differences exist in the level of innovation and competitive aggressiveness. While Google Inc. is more innovative competitively aggressive, Layali Al Asalah is limited in its scope of innovation and competitive aggressiveness as it competes in a very small market compared to Google Inc. which has a global reach. Google Inc. has stronger impact on the economy due to its huge size, extensive reach to the world masses and available resources while Layali Al Asalahs impact is more at the local economy level as it addresses the needs of a smaller population of masses, is smaller in size and has limited resources. Google Inc.s business is largely dependent on innovation for growth and therefore it invests heavily in the employees thereby creating jobs all over the world further contributing to the economic development of many countries. Entrepreneurial firms like Google Inc and select small businesses with very strong entrepreneurial orientation like Layali Al Asalah contribute significantly to the strengthening of the economy by efficiently utilising resources and creating opportunities for people prevent the economy from stagnation as they continuously innovate and sustain competition. In comparison, the small businesses without any entrepreneurial orientation are unlikely to fuel the economic growth of any country. It is therefore better to have entrepreneurial firms instead of small businesses without any entrepreneurial orientation.